Alaska’s natural resource managers are using a UAF-developed web app to let oil field companies know when it’s ok to build ice roads and drive across the tundra on the North Slope.
Notifying oil companies and contractors when it is safe to operate vehicles off-road to get to remote sites without damaging the fragile tundra is the responsibility of staff at the Alaska Department of Natural Resources’ Division of Mining, Land and Water. Last fall DNR contacted UAF’s Geographic Information Network of Alaska, or GINA, within UAF’s Geophysical Institute to ask for assistance.
GINA built a web app that summarizes soil temperatures, snow depth and snow density data from multiple monitoring stations on the North Slope. DNR managers can use the new app to post the data from anywhere on the North Slope road system, and the results display immediately in an online map. The app also generates an email to a listserv of interested parties, said Melissa Head, a DNR natural resources manager. The app optimizes the entire process, giving information to contractors who want to start building an ice road, need to stop until conditions are appropriate or need to remove their equipment. “It’s useful to have our information getting out in multiple formats,” Head said. “The North Slope contractors can quickly and easily grasp what’s open and what’s closed; they can see the areas in relation to the North Slope and in relation to their facilities.”
An earlier application GINA developed for DNR several years ago consisted of two layers — a database/desktop interface and a slightly different mobile app. Funding lapsed and that interface was no longer being maintained. “We heard from people soon after the site went down last year,” Head said. “I had quite a few emails and calls saying ‘where did it go?’ It’s information they can go to any time.”
Head and her colleagues at DNR contacted Dayne Broderson and his team at GINA to ask that they bring it back online, but in a more user-friendly format. The new, simplified interface creates one single, new app that is optimized for mobile use.
“The app presents current status of the protected areas, and a manager login at the same website makes it possible for the DNR managers to keep the data up-to-date,” Broderson said.
State and federal agencies have made observations and conducted experiments about how best to protect the fragile tundra ecosystem while facilitating exploration since oil development began north of the Brooks Range in 1969. The region is divided into four tundra opening areas – eastern coastal, western coastal, upper foothills, and lower foothills. DNR guidelines state that the tundra can be opened to off-road travel and ice road construction in the coastal areas when the soil temperature at a depth of 30 centimeters (about 1 foot) reaches minus 5 degrees Celsius (23 degrees Fahrenheit) and when there is 6 inches of snow on the ground. In the foothill areas, tundra opening occurs when the soil temperature reaches minus 5 degrees C and there is 9 inches of snow on the ground.
Deeper snow coverage is required in the foothills because there is more topographical relief: more tussocks, shrubs and hummocks, Head said. “It takes more snow to encapsulate those micro-topographic features. The snow and the cold soil are the only things that are going to protect the tundra” when vehicles travel on it, says Head.
There are at least four monitoring stations in each of the four areas. They are all accessible by road so the DNR managers can get to them once a week to download the data and then transfer the results of their analysis to the online map.
This project was a relatively modest one for GINA, Broderson said, but still worthwhile.
“Making our services available for practical applications like this is taking advantage of (the university’s) ability to serve the state,” Broderson said. “Anything we can do to improve the efficiency of our agency partners is improving the whole industry.”
“The tundra is a state resource,” Head pointed out. “We do our best to keep damage to a minimum and try to come up with different techniques that allow companies to explore for oil and gas without leaving a negative imprint on the land.”
